Biosecurity for Meat Goat Producers
Bruce Olcott
Louisiana State University
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 PDF version of this table |
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Table 1. Critical Contagious Diseases of Goats |
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| Contagious Infectious Diseases |
| Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis (CAE) |
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Transmission: |
Mostly vertical via colostrum. |
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Prevent Entry: |
Serotest all new purchases. |
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Control: |
Isolate seropositive does and raise offspring on pasteurized milk. |
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Goal: |
Eradication. |
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| Caseous Lymphadenitis |
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Transmission: |
Horizontal: direct contact or fomites. |
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Prevent Entry: |
Examination of all new purchases for presence of abscesses. Serotest all new entries. |
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Control: |
Cull affected animals or quarantine. |
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Goal: |
Eradication. |
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| Foot rot |
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Transmission: |
Horizontal: fomites |
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Prevent Entry: |
Examine and treat feet of all new entries. |
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Control: |
Trim feet, foot bathe in 10% ZnSO4 and treat with parenteral antibacterials. |
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Goal: |
Eradication. |
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| Johne's Disease |
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Transmission: |
Horizontal: ingestion of feces, Vertical: ingestion of milk. |
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Prevent Entry: |
Serological testing and fecal cultures of all new entries. |
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Control: |
Serotest and cull all seropositive animals. Eliminate fecal oral transmission. |
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Goal: |
Eradication. |
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Contagious Ecthyma, Soremouth, Orf |
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Transmission: |
Horizontal- direct contact or fomites |
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Prevent Entry: |
Examine and quarantine all new entries. |
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Control: |
Vaccinate. |
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Goal: |
Prevention of clinical signs. |
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| Pinkeye |
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Transmission: |
Horizontal – vector is the face fly. |
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Prevent Entry: |
Quarantine and examine the eyes and conjunctiva of all new entries. |
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Control: |
Parenteral antibacterials. |
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Goal: |
Prevent clinical signs. |
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| Chlamydial Abortions |
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Transmission: |
Horizontal – contact with aborted material. Vertical – transplacental to fetus. |
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Prevent Entry: |
Prevent entry of carrier animals during critical times (pregnancy). |
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Control: |
Tetracyclines can be used to clear the carrier state and to halt abortion epizootics. A vaccine is available to confer longer term resistance. |
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Goal: |
Prevention of abortion. |
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| Q fever |
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Transmission: |
Horizontal: ingestion and respiration . |
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Prevent Entry: |
Prevent entry of carrier animals at any time. Serotest all new additions. |
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Control: |
Tetracycline is effective but a better control program would be test and slaughter. |
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Goal: |
Eradication. |
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| Contagious Mastitis |
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Transmission: |
Horizontal - fomites |
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Prevent Entry: |
CMT and milk culture on all entering lactating does. Dry doe treat all entering dry does. |
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Control: |
- Milk only clean and dry teats.
- Use properly functioning machines.
- Post-milking dip all teats in an effective disinfectant.
- Dry doe treat all teats of all does at dry off.
- Treat all new infections quickly with effective antibiotics and cull chronic cases.
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Goal: |
Minimize the number of new infections. |
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Parasitic Disease |
| Multiple Drug Resistant Haemonchus contortus |
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Transmission: |
Horizontal – fecal oral |
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Prevent Entry: |
Quarantine and deworm all new entries with several unrelated anthelminthics. Release from quarantine only with a negative fecal egg count. |
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Control: |
Minimize the number of dewormings per year. Rotate drugs on an annual basis. Perform egg count reduction assays at every deworming. |
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Goal: |
Minimize drug resistance, production loss and death loss. |
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| Lice and Mange |
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Transmission: |
Horizontal – direct contact, fomites |
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Prevent Entry: |
Examine all incoming goats for the presence of ectoparasites or any skin condition. Treat all incoming animals with a systemic acaricide labeled for lice and mange. |
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Control: |
Treat all animals in the herd with an effective acaricide. |
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Goal: |
Eradication . |
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| Federally Regulated Diseases |
| Brucellosis |
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Transmission: |
Horizontal – ingestion of aborted material. Vertical – transplacental to fetus. |
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Prevent Entry: |
Serotest all individuals prior to entry in the herd. |
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Control: |
Test the entire herd and remove all positive animals. |
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Goal: |
Eradication. |
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Tuberculosis |
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Transmission: |
Horizontal – direct . |
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Prevent Entry: |
Intra-dermal test all new entries into the herd. |
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Control: |
Test the entire herd and remove all true positives. |
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Goal: |
Eradication . |
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Scrapie |
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Transmission: |
Vertical – doe to kid |
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Prevent Entry: |
Only buy goats from herds that are enrolled in the scrapie program eradication program and are certified scrapie free. |
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Control: |
Remove any clinically affected goat and their offspring from the herd. |
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Goal: |
Eradication. |
